Architecture & Internals
In-depth technical narratives covering SQL Server's internal architecture — query processing, index structures, memory management, locking and deadlocking, thread and task scheduling, I/O fundamentals, and transaction log architecture.
Query Processing
Access objects in consistent order to minimize deadlocks in concurrent transactions.
Checkpoints flush dirty data pages from the buffer cache of the current database to disk. This
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Is optimized locking enabled?
Use of the Hash partition mitigation strategy can lead to partition elimination
Using the technique above we were able to confirm that the contention was occurring on a
A minimally logged operation is performed in the database; for example, a bulk-copy
The performance of index operations such as creating or rebuilding indexes can be improved
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### sys.dm_exec_requests (Transact-SQL)
Use of a write caching (also called write-back caching) storage controller can improve SQL Server
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This article presents examples of a network trace that captures the sequence during when a
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When the columnstore index compresses a rowgroup, it compresses each column segment
Replace remote servers by using linked servers.
protecting all reads with locks. By using row versioning, the chance that a read operation
The number of files depends on the number of (logical) processors on the machine. As a
Starting with SQL Server 2005 (9.x), the Database Engine offers an implementation of an existing
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The serial execution plan is trivial, or does not exceed the cost threshold for parallelism
sys.dm_os_spinlock_stats
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(Python package in SQL Server Machine Learning Services)
This article describes the Database Engine features that are no longer available in SQL Server.
operations, where each key range is estimated to cover similar numbers of rows. For
### Server configuration: min memory
The following table summarizes the availability and the enabled state of optimized locking
Table Partition 3: A >= 20 AND A < 30
statement is executed under a transaction.
statement is executed under the transaction that is still active under session
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Some of the more common causes for increased CPU consumption include:
### Extended Stored Procedures
Level0type = 'type' and Level0type =
The index key of a clustered index can't contain
You might see the following behavior after the upgrade:
2019 (15.x)
data modification statements generate logical page writes.
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Microsoft Windows uses a numeric priority system that ranges from 1 through 31 to schedule
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The Showplan methods
Lock after qualification (LAQ)
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Always On availability groups
'Parameter sensitivity, also known as "parameter sniffing", refers to a process whereby SQL'
Other drive implementations, such as IDE, ATA, and SATA:
causes the index page to split.
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One possible strategy for avoiding excessive page latch contention is to pad rows with a
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In this case, multiple worker threads on the outer side of the join each read and work on a
In this case, SQL Server doesn't use the value 100 to optimize the query. It uses a general
Preparing a statement is more effective if parameter markers are used. For example, assume
The use of parameters, including parameter markers in ADO, OLE DB, and ODBC applications,
Uniform extent, or full mixed extent
equivalent but differ only in their parameter values. Conversely, you can specify that forced
Lock after qualification is not used in the following scenarios:
### sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats
2019 (15.x)
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A newly formatted drive usually holds all zeros.
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An ad hoc execution plan is inserted and isn't referenced again before memory pressure
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### Windows Hardware Compatibility Program
Specifying the SQLOLEDB provider for linked servers.
7.
name. There's one user token per database for a login.
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Large columnstore index queries
The online index build version store is used for online index builds.
If the size is large, the entire old row version is stored in a separate internal table.
are detected, they're handled and retried
Point lookups are similar to B-trees, except that because pages are linked in only one direction,
Memory for thread stacks , CLR , extended procedure .dll files, the OLE DB providers
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Both the client driver and SQL Server need to know a bit about each other.
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Microsoft drivers use the four-way handshake to close connections. Many third-party
1. If the MSTVF is single statement only, convert to an inline table valued function.
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Periodic spikes in CPU were observed, which pushed the CPU utilization to nearly 100%. A
fn_servershareddrives
numbered_procedure_parameters
The performance of a hash index is:
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Identifies the database lock.
The following example shows the output when trace flag 1222 is turned on.
and CONCAT_NULLS_YIELDS_NULL
The use of the vardecimal storage format.
This example shows closing a nonpooled connection, after two Transact-SQL statements. If
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Hints that are placed on views in a query might conflict with other hints that are discovered
Most storage device caching controllers perform write caching.
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represents the unit of work that needs to be completed to fulfill the request.
A component in the I/O path (for example, a driver, controller, or firmware) can cause long I/Os
Index Architecture
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The following example creates a table with columns of different data types.
The interplay of the hash index and the buckets is summarized in the following image.
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constraint can't be created if duplicate
is valid for the following query.
Creating a filtered index can reduce disk storage for nonclustered indexes when a full-
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Think about a regular book: at the end of the book, there's an index that helps to quickly locate
Examine column uniqueness.
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pages can occur if you have relatively few data files in a filegroup and a large number of CPU
The performance of a nonclustered index is better than with hash indexes when querying a
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covers the following query because the query results
### Configure the hash index bucket
A nonclustered index contains a copy of part or all of the rows and columns in the underlying
read the older version of the row, and so avoid the performance slowdown associated with a
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Hash or nonclustered for memory-optimized tables
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The storage engine reads index pages serially in key order.
is defined as shown in the following:
With TID locking, short-duration exclusive (
DB provider, thereby limiting users to only those data sources referenced by linked server
Fewer index rows fit on a page. This increases disk I/O and reduces cache efficiency.
The estimated cost for using the index has the lowest cost of any access mechanisms
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Memory Management
grow.
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, the initial memory grant can't be exceeded under any condition. If
In older versions of SQL Server, memory allocation was done using five different mechanisms:
2005 (9.x), SQL Server 2008
page protection because it's affected by every byte of the page, however, it's moderately
The instance of SQL Server adjusts its memory consumption. If another application is stopped
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Use these guides to understand how SQL Server stores, accesses, and maintains data on disk.
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Locking
The following script can be used to look at spinlock statistics over a specific time period. Each
enabled, and the number of queries where LAQ wasn't used for various reasons. This
Protects requested or acquired shared locks on all resources lower in the hierarchy and intent
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and continue. The 1205 (deadlock victim) error records information about the type of resources
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ensures that no new names beginning with the letter
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The Database Engine places update (
SQL Profiler has an event that presents a graphical depiction of the tasks and resources
executed, based on the characteristics of the schema and query.
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Key-range locks protect a range of rows implicitly included in a record set being read by a
If optimized locking is enabled, the request holds only a single
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Lock escalation behaves differently depending on whether
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### Avoid locking hints with optimized locking
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Optimized locking is enabled per database. Connect to your database, then use the following
Additionally, SQL Server can log a
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Not in the list of the transactions active when the snapshot transaction started.
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) locks on the clustered index pages containing those rows.
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2025 (17.x)
Lock partitioning is enabled automatically on the Database Engine instances with a larger number
Thread Task
Io Fundamentals
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There are a few cases where disallowing page or row locking can be beneficial, if the access
2016 (13.x) and later versions
transaction is completed. After the first transaction commits or rolls back, the second
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The following table summarizes the differences between
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Listen closely to your hardware manufacturer's guidance.
The following script calculates and returns latch waits over a time period.
All I/Os are issued in the calling threads unless the affinity I/O option is in use. The
Taking a log backup every 15 to 30 minutes might be enough.
and the command that triggered the read continues. If the retry attempts fail, the command
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Describes threading and task concepts in the context of OS scheduling. It
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that leave the data in a consistent state relative to the organization's business rules. The
an application doesn't trap the error, the application can proceed unaware that an individual
A column in the filtered index expression should be a key or included column in the filtered
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option.
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I/O fundamentals
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state. A background process named the tuple-mover
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manager reported a failure to prepare, the transaction manager sends a rollback command
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Nonconstant expressions such as an expression whose result depends on the value of a
later in this article.
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2016 (13.x) and later versions
For more information, see:
When processing complex Transact-SQL statements, the relational engine can have difficulty
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Fixed-point numeric literals that are parts of predicates that involve comparison operators
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The connection is closed 10 seconds after the previous keep-alive exchange (see
Don't open a transaction while browsing through data, if at all possible. Transactions
3.
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The combination of a shallow B-Tree and random inserts across the index is prone to causing
Consider the following limitations when working with row versioning-based isolation levels:
This cycle repeats endlessly, as long as the end of the logical log never reaches the beginning
Enough disk space should be allocated to accommodate this requirement.
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compilation so that the resulting execution plan is more efficient. This is referred to as constant
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An explicit inner transaction can be started within an explicit outer transaction. This is primarily
into the clustered index on column b to find the rows that meet the condition
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2025 (17.x)
The active log must include every part of all uncommitted transactions.
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tokens. All different securables inside the database.
A master key must exist and password must be correct.
However, it can be parameterized according to simple parameterization rules. When forced
Each database row might use up to 14 bytes at the end of the row for row versioning
Using API functions and Transact-SQL statements, you can start transactions as explicit,
internals and architecture
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When you enable write caching without proper safeguards, some storage subsystems
c2 audit option default trace enabled
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Hot add CPU is the ability to dynamically add CPUs to a running system.
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To roll forward the logical operation, the operation is performed again.
caching mechanisms can't guarantee writes across a power cycle or similar failure point. They
Spinlock contention can occur for any number of reasons that might be unrelated to database
Bound sessions ease the coordination of actions across multiple sessions on the same server.
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affinity mask option
isolation transactions isn't activated. No
Given the high-level invalidation nature of security caches (database/server level), perform
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Allows the use of other partitioning features, such as archiving data using a sliding
The following sample script can be customized for purposes of your implementation:
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Installation is supported on x64 processors only.
Only one session in a set of bound sessions can be active at any time. If one session is executing
The second diagram shows how the log appears after being truncated. Virtual log 1 and virtual
Transaction Log
Latch Contention
Collation
This topic describes how to add data or log files to a database in SQL Server by using SQL Server Management Studio or Transact-SQL.
This article describes how to attach a database in SQL Server with SQL Server Management Studio or Transact-SQL.
In SQL Server, you can create a new database by restoring a backup of a user database created by using SQL Server 2005 (9.x) or a later version. Howev
This topic describes how to change database-level options in SQL Server by using SQL Server Management Studio or Transact-SQL. The
Use this page to view or modify change tracking settings for the selected database.
You can override the database collation for , , , , , and data by specifying a differe
This article describes how to view or change the compatibility level of a database in SQL Ser
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06/16/2025 The Copy Database Wizard moves or copies databases and certain server objects easily from one instance of SQL Server to another instance, with no server downtime.
Sometimes you might find it useful to copy a database from one computer to another. Reasons include testing, checking consistency, developing software
The only way to create a SQL Server database snapshot is to use Transact-SQL. SQL Server Management Studio doesn't support the creation of database snapshots.
08/07/2025 This article describes how to create a database in SQL Server by using SQL Server Management Studio or Transact-SQL. To create a database in Azure SQL Database u
This article describes how to set or change the database collation by using Management Studio (SSMS) or Transact-SQL. If no databa
The data and transaction log files of a database can be detached and then reattached to the same or another instance of SQL Server.
A database snapshot is a read-only, static view of a SQL Server database (the source database). It's transactionally consistent with the source databa
This article describes how to delete a user-defined database in SQL Server by using SQL Server Management Studio or Transact-S
This topic describes how to delete data or log files in SQL Server by using SQL Server Management Studio or Transact-SQL.
This topic describes how to move a detached database to another location and re-attach it to the same or a different server instance in SQL Server. Ho
This article describes how to detach a database in SQL Server with SQL Server Management Studio or Transact-SQL.
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Dropping a database snapshot deletes the database snapshot from SQL Server and deletes the sparse files that are used by the snapshot. When you drop a
Extended properties allow you to add custom properties to database objects. Use this page to view or m
In SQL Server, the state of a database file i
Use this page to view the filegroups or add a new filegroup to the selected database. Filegroup types are separated into row filegroups, FILESTREAM
At a minimum, every SQL Server database has two operating system files: a data file and a log file.
Use this page to create a new database, or view or modify properties for the selected database.
10/21/2025 Use this page to view or modify properties for the selected database. Displays the date that the database was last backed up. Display
SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric Warehouse in Microsoft F
This article describes how to increase the size of a database in SQL Server by using SQL Server Management Studio or Transact-SQL.
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This article is relevant in the following situations: Configuring the availability replicas of an Always On availability groups availability group. S
This topic describes how to view or change the properties of a database in SQL Server by using SQL Ser
The database records all the system-level information for a SQL Server system. This includes instance
This topic discusses how to prepare to change to the partially contained database model and then provides the migration steps. Preparing to Migrate a
Access this page from the principal database, and use it to configure and to modify the properties of database mirroring for a database. Also use it t
The database is used as the template for all databases created on an instance of SQL Server.
The following features have been modified to be supported by a partially contained database. Features are usually modified
In SQL Server, you can move system and user databases by specifying the new file location in the clause of the ALTER DATABASE statement. Data,
The database is used by SQL Server Agent for scheduling alerts and jobs and by other features such as SQL Server Manageme
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Follow these steps to estimate the amount of space that is required to store a nonclustered
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Use this page to view or modify options for the selected database. For more information about the options available on this page, see ALTER DATABASE
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08/07/2025 This article describes how to rename a user-defined database in SQL Server, Azure SQL Database, or Azure SQL Manag
The Resource database is a read-only database that contains all the system objects that are included with SQL Server.
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Contained databases have some unique threats that should be understood and mitigated by SQL Server Database Engine adminis
The server collation acts as the default collation for all system databases that are installed with the instance of SQL Se
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This article describes how to set a user-defined database to single-user mode in SQL Server by using SQL Server Management Studio or Transact-SQL. Sin
This article describes how to shrink a database in SQL Server by using Object Explorer in SQL Server M
This article describes how to shrink a data or log file in SQL Server by using SQL Server Management S
This article discusses various methods that you can use to shrink the database in SQL Server. You can use any of the following methods to change
A database is always in one specif
data files in Microsoft Azure SQL Server Data Files in Microsoft Azure enables native support for SQL Server database files stored as blobs.
This article describes how to move system databases in SQL Server.
This article describes the system database, a global resource available to all users connec
Use this page to configure and modify the properties of log shipping for a database. For an explanation of log shipping concepts, see About Log Shipp
This topic describes how to use detach and attach operations to upgrade a database in SQL Server.
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Use the <property name> dialog box to enter or view a value.
This article explains how to view a SQL Server database snapshot using SQL Server Management Studio. 1. In Object Explorer, connect to the instance o
You can view the collation of a server, database, or column in SQL Server Management Studio
This article describes how to view a list of databases on an instance of SQL Server by using SQL Serve
This topic describes how to use Transact-SQL to verify that a SQL Server database file is a sparse file and to find out its actual and maximum sizes.
Databases and database application
Tables
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2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Use the statement to add, alter, or remove a column. permis
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Use
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2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance With temporal tables, the system performs several consistency
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Thi
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance This article describes how to create foreign key relationship
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Thi
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2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance You
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance You
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance You
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance You
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Depending on your scenario, you can either create new system-
Customers who have tables using self joins to express hierarchical relationships can convert
In Lesson 1, you modified an existing table to use the data type, and populated the column
09/07/2025 SQL Server 2016 (13.x) and later System-versioned temporal tables for memory-optimized tables provide a cost-effective solution for scenarios w
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2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance You
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Data in a system-versioned temporal table is modified using r
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance You can modify the foreign key side of a relationship in SQL
2016 (13.x) and later You can use existing views to track detailed and summarized memory consumption for every system-vers
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance You can use partitioning on both the current and the history
2016 (13.x) and later This article discusses some specific performance considerations when using system-versioned memory-o
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2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance You can rename a table column in SQL Server by using SQL Serv
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2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance You
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2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance The
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Thi
Table-valued parameters are declared by using user-defined table types. You can use table- v
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constraints and constraints are two types of constraints that can be used to enforce data i
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2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance You
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance You
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance You
2016 (13.x) and later This article discusses how working with a memory-optimized system-versioned temporal table is differ
Change Data Capture
08/22/2025 This topic describes how to administer and monitor change data capture for SQL Server and Azure SQL Managed Instance. For Azure SQL D
To capture XML data about events for use inside logon triggers, use the EVENTDATA function.
08/22/2025 In this article, learn about change data capture (CDC), which records activity on a database when tables and rows have been modified.
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08/22/2025 This article provides ways to troubleshoot common issues observed in change tracking auto cleanup.
2025 (17.x) Azure SQL Managed Instance This article describes how to configure the change event streaming (CES) feature introduced in SQL Server 2025
You can create a database object inside SQL Server that is programmed in an assembly created in the .NET Framework common language runtime (CLR). Data
This article describes how to create a Transact-SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) trigger
When you write the code for a DML trigger, consider that the statement that causes the trigge
Both DML and DDL triggers are nested when a trigger performs an action that initiates another
The following tables list the DDL event groups that can be used to run a DDL trigger or an e
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DDL triggers fire in response to various Data Definition Language (DDL) events. These events
This topic describes how to delete or disable a DML trigger in SQL Server by using SQL Server
The DML trigger is a special type of stored procedure that automatically takes effect when a
08/22/2025 This article describes how to enable and disable change data capture (CDC) for a database and a table for SQL Server and Azure SQL Man
2025 (17.x) Azure SQL Managed Instance The following are answers to questions about the Change Event Streaming (CES) feature for SQL Server 2025 (17.x),
The catalog views listed in this section can be used to get information about DDL Triggers.
This topic describes how to get information about DML triggers in SQL Server by using SQL Se
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2025 (17.x) Azure SQL Managed Instance This article describes the JSON format of a CloudEvents message that is streamed from SQL Server to Azure Event H
10/07/2025 This article explains known limitations, issues, and errors with change data capture (CDC) for and . For Azure SQL Datab
Logon triggers fire stored procedures in response to a event.
By default, both DML and DDL triggers execute under the context of the user that calls the t
This article describes how to modify or rename a DML trigger in SQL Server by using SQL Serv
You can specify that one of the AFTER triggers associated with a table be either the first AF
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DML trigger statements use two special tables: the deleted and inserted tables. SQL Serve
08/22/2025 Change data is made available to change data capture consumers through table-valued functions (TVFs). All queries of these functions r
Clr Integration
User-defined types (UDTs) are written using any of the languages supported by the .NET Framework common language runtime (CLR) that produce verifiable code. This includes C#
No description available.
Assemblies that are registered in SQL Server can be updated from a more recent version using the statement. To update an assembly, use the statement
integration with the .NET Framework common language runtime (CLR) enables database programmers to use languages
You can build database objects using the SQL Server integration with the .NET Framework common language runtime (CLR). Managed code that runs inside o
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In the .NET Framework, the object handles collations. The .NET Framework string application programming interfaces (APIs) use the property associate
SqlLocalDB.exe 07/14/2025 SqlLocalDB.exe is a simple tool that enables the user to easily manage LocalDB instances from the command line.
The problem of internal data access is a fairly common scenario. That is, you wish to access the same server on which your common language runtime (CL
If you're connecting to a remote server, always use regular connections rather than context connections.
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data types in the .NET The library is part of the base class library of the .NET Framework. It provides data types with the same semantic
provides support for debugging Transact-SQL and common language runtime (CLR) objects in the database. The key aspects of debugging in SQL
Once the assembly containing the user-defined type (UDT) definition is registered in a SQL Server database, it can be used in a column definition. For
Deployment is the process by which you distribute a finished application or module to be installed and run on another computer. Using Visual Studio, y
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Express LocalDB error messages 07/14/2025 This section provides reference information about the following SQL Server Express LocalDB error messages: Description
The common language runtime (CLR) provides a mechanism to annotate managed application programming interfaces (APIs) that are part of the .NET Framewo
In the SQL Server common language runtime (CLR) integration, using Windows Authentication is complex, but is more secure than using SQL Server Authent
in-process specific extensions There are four main functional extensions to ADO.NET that are specifically for in-process use. The followin
Express LocalDB instance APIs 07/14/2025 In the traditional, service-based SQL Server world, individual SQL Server instances installed on a single computer are p
The common language runtime (CLR) is the heart of the .NET Framework and provides the execution environment for all .NET F
The namespace provides a transaction framework that is fully integrated with ADO.NET and SQL Server common language runtime (CLR) integration. and A
07/23/2025 The common language runtime (CLR) supports a security model called code access security for managed code.
features the integration of the common language runtime (CLR) component of the .NET Framework for Windows. You
In Transact-SQL statements, you can invoke common language runtime (CLR) user- defined aggregates, subject to all the rules that apply to system aggregate functions.
Use and to pass large object (LOB) binary type ( ) and LOB character type ( ) parameters, respectively.
Express LocalDB reference 07/14/2025 This section contains information about the SQL Server Express LocalDB: SQL Server Express LocalDB error messages SQL Serve
07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 286 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text Administrator p
07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 280 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text Cannot create
07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 282 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text API caller is n
07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 261 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text Cannot access
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07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 256 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text Cannot create
07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 268 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text Error occurred
07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 259 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text Cannot access t
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07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 284 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text The specified L
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07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 267 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text Local Database
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07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 271 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text Stop operation
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07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 283 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text The instance n
07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 257 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text The parameter
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07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 281 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text The specified s
07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 266 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text Error occurred
No description available.
07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 272 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text Error getting t
07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 263 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text The specified L
07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 270 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text Error getting
07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 269 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text The specified L
07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 273 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text The Local Data
07/14/2025 Product Name Event ID 277 Event Source SQL Server Local Database Runtime 12.0 Component Local Database Runtime API Message Text Timeout occurre
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07/14/2025 Creates a new SQL Server Express LocalDB instance. C++ [Input] The LocalDB version, for example 11.0 or 11.0.1094.2. [Input] The name for the LocalDB instance t
07/14/2025 Removes the specified SQL Server Express LocalDB instance. C++ [Input] The name of the LocalDB instance to remove. [Input] Reserved for future use.
07/14/2025 Returns the localized textual description for the specified SQL Server Express LocalDB error. C++ [Input] The LocalDB error code. [Input] The flags specifying t
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07/14/2025 Returns all SQL Server Express LocalDB instances with the given version. C++ [Output] When this function returns, contains the names of both named and default Lo
No description available.
07/14/2025 Returns all SQL Server Express LocalDB versions available on the computer. C++ [Output] Contains names of the LocalDB versions that are available on the user's w
07/14/2025 Shares the specified SQL Server Express LocalDB instance with other users of the computer, using the specified shared name. C++ [Input] The SID of the instance
07/14/2025 Starts the specified SQL Server Express LocalDB instance. C++ [Input] The name of the LocalDB instance to start. [Input] Reserved for future use.
07/14/2025 Enables tracing of API calls for all the SQL Server Express LocalDB instances owned by the current Windows user. C++ : The function succeeded. Description LOC
07/14/2025 Stops the specified SQL Server Express LocalDB instance from running. C++ [Input] The name of the LocalDB instance to stop.
07/14/2025 Disables tracing of API calls for all the SQL Server Express LocalDB instances owned by the current Windows user. C++ : The function succeeded. Description LO
07/14/2025 Stops the sharing of the specified SQL Server Express LocalDB instance. C++ [Input] The shared name for the LocalDB instance to unshare.
Transact-SQL provides no specialized syntax for , , or statements when modifying data in user-defined type (UDT) columns.
No description available.
This article provides information about the tools that can be used to monitor and troubleshoot managed database objects and assemblies running in SQL
If you're familiar with the SQL Server data types, you find similar semantics and precision in the namespace in the .NET Framework.
This article discusses some of the design choices that enhance the performance of SQL Server integration with the .NET Fra
No description available.
In order to use a user-defined type (UDT) in SQL Server, you must register it.
No description available.
This article discusses the restrictions associated with code executing in the SQL Server process through context and regular connections. When develo
To create a user-defined type (UDT) on the client, the assembly registered as a UDT in a SQL Server database must be available to the client application.
A scalar-valued function (SVF) returns a single value, such as a string, integer, or bit value.
No description available.
SqlContext object You invoke managed code in the server when you call a procedure or function, when you call a method on a common language runtime (C
SqlDataRecord object In the .NET common language runtime (CLR), the object represents a single row of data, along with its related metadata. Manage
SqlPipe object In previous versions of SQL Server, it was common to write a stored procedure (or an extended stored procedure) that sent results or o
SqlTriggerContext object The .NET Framework common language runtime (CLR) class provides context information about the trigger.
Allocates memory dynamically. size Specifies the number of bytes to allocate. A pointer to the newly allocated space.
Changes data from one data type to another. ） Important This feature will be removed in a future version of SQL Server.
Defines the column name and source and destination data types for a specific column in a row. ） Important This feature will be removed in a future v
Obtains a bind token of the transaction in the current client session that invokes the extended stored procedure. The extended stored procedure can t
Checks whether the current connection or task needs to be aborted and returns TRUE if the connection is killed or the batch is aborted srvproc Point
Calls the installed Extended Stored Procedure API message handler. This function is usually used to call Microsoft SQL Server from an extended stored
Returns the value of a remote stored procedure call parameter. This function has been superseded by the function. srvproc Is a pointer to the SRV_P
Returns information about a parameter.
Returns the data length of a remote stored procedure call parameter. This function has been superseded by the function.
Returns the maximum data length of a remote stored procedure call parameter. This function has been superseded by the function. srvproc Is a pointe
Returns the name of a remote stored procedure call parameter.
Returns the number of a remote stored procedure call parameter.
Sets the value of a remote stored procedure call return parameter. This function has been superseded by the function. srvproc Is a pointer to the S
Sets the value of a return parameter. This function supersedes the function. srvproc Is a handle for a client connection. n Is the ordinal number
Returns the status of a particular remote stored procedure call parameter.
Returns the data type of a remote stored procedure call parameter. srvproc Is a pointer to the SRV_PROC structure that is the handle for a particular
Returns information about a database connection. srvproc Pointer identifying a database connection.
Returns a pointer to data containing the requested SRV_PROC field. srvproc Is a pointer to the SRV_PROC structure that is the handle for a particular
Returns the database name component for the current remote stored procedure. srvproc Is a pointer to the SRV_PROC structure that is the handle for a
Returns the procedure name component for the current remote stored procedure. srvproc Is a pointer to the SRV_PROC structure that is the handle for a
Returns the number component for the current remote stored procedure call.
Returns run-time options for the current remote stored procedure. srvproc Is a pointer to the SRV_PROC structure that is the handle for a particular
Returns the owner component for the current remote stored procedure. srvproc Is a pointer to the SRV_PROC structure that is the handle for a particul
Returns the number of parameters for the current remote stored procedure.
Sends a result completion message to the client. srvproc Is a pointer to the SRV_PROC structure that is the handle for a particular client connection
Sends a message to the client. ） Important This feature will be removed in a future version of SQL Server. Avoid using this feature in new developm
Transmits a row of data to the client.
Specifies the current address for a column's data. srvproc Is a pointer to the SRV_PROC structure that is the handle for a particular client connecti
Specifies the current data length in bytes of a variable-length column or a column that allows NULL values.
Sets the user-defined data type for a column in a row.
Determines whether a specific data type conversion is available within the ODS Library. srctype Indicates the data type of the data to be converted.
Sends a Unicode message to the client. srvproc Is a pointer to the SRV_PROC structure that is the handle for a particular client connection.
With the common language runtime (CLR) hosted in SQL Server, you can author stored procedures, triggers, user-defined functions, user-defined types, a
A table-valued function is a user-defined function that returns a table.
No description available.
Transaction promotion describes a lightweight, local transaction that can be automatically promoted to a fully distributable transaction as needed.
The Extended Stored Procedure API is enabled for Unicode data; however, it isn't enabled for Unicode metadata.
You can retrieve and modify user-defined types (UDTs) by using a and a . The code examples in this article use , which is available as a NuGet package. To add this depend
Aggregate functions perform a calculation on a set of values and return a single value.
User-defined functions are routines that can take parameters, perform calculations or other actions, and return a result. You can write user-defined f
No description available.
The namespace provides a transaction framework that is fully integrated with ADO.NET and SQL Server common language runtime (CLR) integration. The c
You can access user-defined type (UDT) functionality in SQL Server from the Transact-SQL language by using regular query syntax. UDTs can be used in t
Xml Data
Your business logic can be added to XML data in several ways: You can write row or column constraints to enforce domain-specific c
WITH XMLNAMESPACES (Transact-SQL) provides namespace URI support in the following way: It makes the n
As described in FOR XML (SQL Server) , AUTO mode returns query results as nested XML elements. This
AUTO mode determines the shape of returned XML based on the query. In determining how elemen
The FOR XML mode can be RAW, AUTO, EXPLICIT, or PATH. It determines the shape of the resulting XML. F
The XSD pattern facet allows for the restriction of the lexical space of simple types. When a
The ALTER TABLE statement supports the data type.
No description available.
By default, a null value in a column maps to the absence of the attribute, node, or element.
The following are the specific conditions in which rowset columns with a name are mapped, case-sensiti
No description available.
No description available.
Any column without a name will be inlined.
You can create variables, parameters, and columns of the type. You can optionally associate a collect
This article describes how to generate XML instances.
The data type is a built-in data type in SQL Server and is somewhat similar to other built-in types s
You can use an type column to create views. The following example creates a view in which t
No description available.
No description available.
Permission can be denied to either create a new XML schema collection or use an existing one.
No description available.
Assume that you want to construct XML that provides sales order information. In this example,
The following query includes columns of type. The query retrieves product model ID, name, a
For each row in the result set, the RAW mode generates an element .
The following query returns the XML-DATA schema that describes the document structure. SQL
The following query returns the product photo stored in a type column. The option is specif
This example retrieves an employee ID and employee name for each employee. In the database,
The following query returns product model information. mode is specified in the clause. SQ
No description available.
If the directive is set to , the contained data isn't entity encoded, but is put in the CDAT
This retrieves employee information and generates element-centric XML as shown in the follow
This example illustrates the difference between the and directives. The directive entitize
When you specify the ELEMENT directive to retrieve element-centric XML, if the column has a
This example illustrates the use of the directive.
This example is almost the same as the Specifying the ELEMENTXSINIL Directive example. The
No description available.
No description available.
No description available.
The following examples illustrate the use of AUTO mode.
The examples in this article show how OPENXML is used to create a rowset view of an XML document. For
The following examples illustrate the use of PATH mode in generating XML from a SELECT query.
As described in the article, Constructing XML Using FOR XML , RAW and AUTO mode don't provide much c
09/03/2025 A query returns results as a rowset. You can optionally retrieve formal results of a SQL query as XML by specifyi
This article compares a single-level query to a nested query. One of the benefits of using nested q
If queries are made principally on a few element and attribute values, you may want to promote those q
The directive in FOR XML returns an inline XDR schema together with the query result. Howev
In a FOR XML clause, you can request that your query return an inline schema together with the query results. If you want an XDR s
The directive constructs XML in which each column value maps to an element in the XML. By d
The following example shows how to generate siblings by using a nested AUTO mode query.
You can generate an data type instance from a rowset by using FOR XML with the new directiv
No description available.
No description available.
You can transfer XML data into SQL Server in several ways. For example: If you have your data in an [n]text or image column in a S
doesn't support restricting a mixed type to a simple content. In the following XM
Namespace support in the PATH mode is provided by using WITH NAMESPACES.
No description available.
No description available.
No description available.
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No description available.
This article describes the query options that you have to specify to query XML data. It also describes
RAW mode transforms each row in the query result set into an XML element that has the generi
Every database you create has a predefined XML schema collection in the relational schema. It reserv
No description available.
The permission to create an XML schema collection can be revoked by using one of the following: Revok
Selective XML indexes are another type of XML index that is available to you in addition to ordinary X
The following example queries the table to retrieve the and values of a specific product.
Metaproperty attributes in an XML document are attributes that describe the properties of an XML item,
The XML generated by the white space characters in the data is entitized.
The articles in this section describe support for data types in SQL Server. Description FO
The W3C XSD element provides support for redefining schema components.
No description available.
In the transformation, type values are treated as data, and is always Base64 encoded. The
support for the xml (Transact-SQL) data type enables you to optionally request that the r
No description available.
You can create a full-text index on XML columns that indexes the content of the XML values, but ignore
This article describes the options that are available to you for working with the data type in your a
No description available.
No description available.
If the BINARY BASE64 option is specified in the query, the binary data is returned in base64 encoding
You can use multiple methods on data type in a clause to generate a rowset of extracted values. The
doesn't support common language runtime (CLR) user-defined data types (UDTs). To use with C
No description available.
Wildcard components are used to increase flexibility in what is allowed to appear in a content model.
If a query specifies a column of type in the clause, column values are mapped as elements
This article discusses the advantages and the limitations of the data type in SQL Server, and helps y
XML indexes can be created on data type columns. They index all tags, values and paths over the XML i
No description available.
provides the following system stored procedures that are used together with OPENX
Json Data
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics (serverless SQL pool only) SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric
No description available.
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics (serverless SQL pool only) SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric
No description available.
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics (serverless SQL pool only) SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics (serverless SQL pool only) SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics (serverless SQL pool only) SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics (serverless SQL pool only) SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics (serverless SQL pool only) SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance This article describes how to import JSON files into SQL Serv
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics (serverless SQL pool only) SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric
No description available.
No description available.
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics (serverless SQL pool only) SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics (serverless SQL pool only) SQL database in Microsoft Fabric Use JSON
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics (serverless SQL pool only) SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric
2016 (13.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance The SQL Database Engine provides native JSON functions that e
No description available.
No description available.
Spatial Data
SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric Warehouse in Microsoft Fabric SQL database in Microsoft Fabric A is a collectio
SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric Warehouse in Microsoft Fabric SQL database in Microsoft Fabric A is a collectio
No description available.
SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric Warehouse in Microsoft Fabric SQL database in Microsoft Fabric The planar spatia
No description available.
SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric Warehouse in Microsoft Fabric SQL database in Microsoft Fabric A is a topologic
No description available.
No description available.
SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric Warehouse in Microsoft Fabric SQL database in Microsoft Fabric A is a collectio
No description available.
SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric Warehouse in Microsoft Fabric SQL database in Microsoft Fabric A is a one-dimen
SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric Warehouse in Microsoft Fabric SQL database in Microsoft Fabric A is a collectio
SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric Warehouse in Microsoft Fabric SQL database in Microsoft Fabric A is a collectio
SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric Warehouse in Microsoft Fabric SQL database in Microsoft Fabric A instance is a
Transact-SQL includes several system stored procedures that allow OLE Automation objects to be referenced in Transact-SQL batches, stored procedures,
If an OLE Automation property or method returns data in an array with one or two dimensions, the array is returned to the client as a result set: A o
The OLE automation system stored procedures return an return code that is the HRESULT returned by the underlying OLE automation operation. An HRESULT
This article contains an example of a Transact-SQL statement batch that uses the OLE Automation stored procedures to create and use a SQL-DMO SQLServe
No description available.
No description available.
SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric Warehouse in Microsoft Fabric SQL database in Microsoft Fabric A is a two-dimen
No description available.
No description available.
This article describes how to recompile a stored procedure i
There are three ways of returning data from a procedure to a calling
supports spatial data and spatial indexes. A spatial index is a type of extended
No description available.
By specifying procedure parameters
No description available.
This topic describes how to view s
Sql Graph
SQL Graph Architecture SQL Server 2017 (14.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Learn about the architecture of SQL G
No description available.
No description available.
2019 (15.x) and later versions Azure SQL Managed Instance Specifies a search condition for a graph, which is searched r
Filestream
This article describes how to use the Transact-SQL INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE statements to manage FILESTREAM data.
The OpenSqlFilestream API obtains a Win32 compatible file handle for a FILESTREAM binary large object (BLOB) stored in the file system.
Describes how file system I/O works on a FileTable. The primary usage of FileTables is expected to be through the Windows file system and file I/O AP
Describes how Transact-SQL data manipulation language (DML) commands work with FileTables. The following considerations apply to Operations on FileT
Applications that use SqlOpenFilestream() to open Win32 file handles for reading or writing FILESTREAM BLOB data can encounter conflict errors with Tr
You can create clustered indexes on tables by using SQL Server Management Studio or Transact
Discusses and compares the options that are available for storing files and documents in SQL Server. A large percentage of enterprise data is unstruc
You can define indexes on computed columns as long as the following requirements are met: Ow
To use FILESTREAM in a firewall-protected environment, both the client and server must be able to resolve DNS names to the server that contains the FI
This article defines max degree of parallelism and explains how to modify this setting in SQL
This topic shows how to create a table for storing FILESTREAM data. When the database has a FILESTREAM filegroup, you can create or modify tables to s
You can use Win32 APIs to read and write data to a FILESTREAM BLOB. The following steps are required: Read the FILESTREAM file path. Read the curren
09/29/2025 Describes how to create a new FileTable, or alter or drop an existing FileTable. A FileTable is a specialized user table that has a predefined and fixed schema. T
No description available.
Columnstore indexes, in conjunction with partitioning, are e
Lists the Transact-SQL statements and the SQL Server database objects that support FILESTREAM. For the list of database objects that support the File
No description available.
This topic describes how to delete (drop) an index in SQL Server by using SQL Server Managem
No description available.
No description available.
Describes the directory structure in which the files are stored in FileTables. You can use the following three functions to work with FileTable direct
This article describes how to disable an index or constraints in SQL Server by using SQL Serv
Whenever an index is created, rebuilt, or dropped, disk space for both the old (source) and n
Disk space is an important consideration when you create, rebuild, or drop indexes. Inadequat
This article describes how to enable a disabled index in SQL Server by using SQL Server Mana
Before you can start to use FILESTREAM, you must enable FILESTREAM on the instance of the SQL Server Database Engine.
09/03/2025 - Windows only FILESTREAM enables SQL Server-based applications to store unstructured data, such as documents and images, on the file system.
The FileTable feature brings support for the Windows file namespace and compatibility with Windows applications to the file data stored in SQL Server.
This article describes how to create a filtered index using SQL Server Management Studio (SS
When you perform online index operations, the following guidelines apply: Clustered indexes
A heap is a table without a clustered index. One or more nonclustered indexes can be created
No description available.
The sections in this topic refer to various index properties that are available by using SQL
No description available.
Describes how to load or migrate files into FileTables. The method that you choose for loading or migrating files into a FileTable depends on where t
An application uses FSCTL_SQL_FILESTREAM_FETCH_OLD_CONTENT to make partial updates to FILESTREAM BLOB data.
Describes common administrative tasks for managing FileTables. To get a list of FileTables, query one of the following catalog views: sys.filetables
This topic describes how to modify an index in SQL Server by using SQL Server Management Stu
This article shows how to move a FILESTREAM-enabled database. 1. In SQL Server Management Studio, select to open the Query Editor. 2.
This topic describes how to move an existing index from its current filegroup to a different filegroup in SQL Server by using SQL Server Managemen
You can create nonclustered indexes in SQL Server by using SQL Server Management Studio or T
This article includes recommendati
2016 (13.x) introduces real-time operational analytics, the ability to run both a
Remote BLOB Store (RBS) is an optional add-on component that lets database administrators store binary large objects in commodity storage s
This topic describes how to rename an index in SQL Server by using SQL Server Management Stu
No description available.
Describes the pre-defined and fixed schema of a FileTable. Description variable A that identifies the position of this item. The position of t
This topic describes how to modify the properties of an index in SQL Server by using SQL Ser
This topic describes how to enable FILESTREAM on a failover cluster.
No description available.
No description available.
No description available.
No description available.
This topic describes how to create a unique index on a table in SQL Server by using SQL Serve
Warehouse in Microsoft Fabric SQL database in Microsoft Fabric Learn about which columnstore featur
No description available.
Service Broker
09/11/2025 This section describes the tasks that are involved in administering a database that hosts a Service Broker application. Most administr
09/11/2025 Backup and restore procedures for a Service Broker service are integrated with the database in which the service runs. If the service
08/29/2025 Queuing and asynchronous messaging are needed for many database applications today.
08/29/2025 Service Broker uses three system message types to communicate status and error information from Service Broker. Most of the messages
08/29/2025 Any program that can run Transact-SQL statements can use Service Broker. A Service Broker application can be implemented as a program
08/29/2025 This article describes how SQL Server uses certificates for Service Broker remote security. Service Broker remote security refers to o
08/29/2025 When a conversation begins, Service Broker uses remote service bindings to locate the certificate to use for the conversation.
08/29/2025 This article describes options for Service Broker activation. Service Broker supports asynchronous, queued messaging. Because conversa
09/11/2025 This tutorial is intended for users who are new to Service Broker, but are familiar with database concepts and Transact-SQL statements
08/29/2025 This tutorial is intended for users who are new to Service Broker, but are familiar with database concepts and Transact-SQL statements
09/04/2025 This tutorial is intended for users who are new to Service Broker, but are familiar with database concepts and Transact-SQL statements
08/29/2025 A contract defines which message types an application uses to accomplish a particular task.
08/29/2025 All Service Broker applications communicate through conversations.
No description available.
08/29/2025 A conversation group identifies a group of related conversations.
No description available.
09/16/2025 To exchange messages with Service Broker, you must create the appropriate user security context. The most flexible way to do this is w
08/29/2025 This section provides a general overview of the structure of a Service Broker application, discusses some of the most common strategie
08/29/2025 Contracts define the name of a specific business task and list the message types used in that task.
08/29/2025 A message type defines the name of a specific kind of message and the validation that Service Broker performs on that kind of message.
08/29/2025 An application uses Service Broker by executing Transact-SQL statements that operate on Service Broker objects defined in a database.
08/29/2025 A queue holds incoming messages for a service.
08/29/2025 The definition of a Service Broker service includes the names of the contracts for which the service is a target.
09/11/2025 This section provides high-level information that can help when you design and implement your Service Broker applications. Descriptio
09/11/2025 The type of dialog security that's used for a conversation depends on the options in the statement, the settings on the remote service
08/29/2025 The application developer is responsible for designing the Service Broker application and creating elements that require programming.
08/29/2025 All messages sent by Service Broker are part of a conversation. A dialog is a conversation between two services. A dialog is a reliabl
08/29/2025 Error handling in an application that uses Service Broker has two distinct aspects. First, the application must handle errors raised b
08/29/2025 SQL Server provides a queue activation event to notify external applications when a queue has messages to process. This topic describe
No description available.
08/29/2025 Service Broker applications must handle two types of error messages received from conversations: error messages created by an applicat
08/29/2025 Two general principles apply when handling Transact-SQL errors in a Service Broker application. First, an application shouldn't perman
ﾃ Summarize this article for me By default, Service Broker is enabled and message delivery is active in a database when the database is create
08/29/2025 Message forwarding allows an instance of SQL Server to accept messages from outside the instance and send those messages to a differen
08/29/2025 Service Broker doesn't send or receive messages over the network by default.
No description available.
No description available.
08/29/2025 SQL Server uses dialog security for any conversation to a service for which a remote service binding exists.
No description available.
09/11/2025 SQL Server enforces permission for each service and permissions for each queue.
No description available.
No description available.
No description available.
09/02/2025 When message delivery isn't active, messages remain in the transmission queue.
09/02/2025 Message forwarding allows an instance of SQL Server to accept messages from outside the instance and send those messages to a differen
09/02/2025 Service Broker sends and receives messages over the network while any Service Broker endpoint is in the state. To deactivate Service
09/02/2025 Service Broker sends and receives messages over the network while any endpoint for Service Broker is in the state. To pause Service B
09/02/2025 Service Broker sends and receives messages over the network while any endpoint for Service Broker is in the state. To resume Service
SQL) 09/02/2025 A message of type is a Service Broker error message.
No description available.
09/03/2025 This tutorial is intended for users who are new to Service Broker, but are familiar with database concepts and Transact-SQL statements
09/03/2025 This article describes the execution context for a stored procedure that is started by internal activation.
09/04/2025 In this lesson, learn how to build all the objects that enable a database to support a conversation in the database. Copy and paste t
09/04/2025 In this lesson, you learn to build all the objects that enable a database to support a conversation in the database. Copy and paste t
09/04/2025 In this lesson, you learn to create the databases and enable the trustworthy option. Copy and paste the following code into a Query Ed
No description available.
09/04/2025 In this lesson, you learn to start a conversation, complete a simple request-reply message cycle, and then end the conversation. Copy
09/04/2025 In this lesson, you learn to create a stored procedure to process messages from a Service Broker queue. You also learn how to specify
09/04/2025 In this lesson, you learn to create the initiator database and all the initiator Service Broker objects that are used in this tutorial
09/04/2025 In this lesson, you learn to build all the objects that enable a database to be the target of a conversation from another database. C
No description available.
No description available.
09/11/2025 In this lesson, you learn to build all the objects that enable a database to initiate a conversation with another database.
09/11/2025 In this lesson, you learn to drop the objects that enabled a database to support a conversation in the database. Copy and paste the f
09/04/2025 In this lesson, you learn to start a conversation that spans two databases in the same instance of the Database Engine.
No description available.
No description available.
09/11/2025 In this lesson, you learn how to receive a request message from the target queue and send a reply message to the initiator service. Ru
09/11/2025 In this lesson, you learn to receive the reply message from the target service and end the conversation. Open SQL Server Management St
09/11/2025 Service Broker applications consist of Service Broker database objects and one or more applications that use those objects.
No description available.
09/03/2025 Message forwarding allows a SQL Server instance to forward Service Broker messages between two or more other instances of SQL Server.
09/11/2025 When a Service Broker application is in production, most day-to-day management occurs as a normal part of maintenance of the Database
09/04/2025 Service Broker uses routes to determine where to deliver messages. This section describes considerations for managing routing.
09/11/2025 Service Broker provides a flexible security framework for helping you secure your applications.
09/11/2025 For a Service Broker application that's in production, most day-to-day management occurs as a normal part of database maintenance. Thi
09/03/2025 Each database contains a unique identifier that is used for routing Service Broker messages to that database. This topic describes Ser
09/11/2025 Service Broker dialog security uses certificates to map remote operations to a local security principal.
09/11/2025 When a queue specifies message retention, Service Broker doesn't delete messages from the queue until the conversation ends. Further,
09/11/2025 Applications that use Service Broker communicate by sending messages to each other as part of a conversation.
09/11/2025 Messages are the information exchanged between applications that use Service Broker. Each message is part of a conversation. A message
09/10/2025 The usual process for migrating a Service Broker application is to move the database that contains the application to another instance
09/11/2025 This article describes considerations for naming service broker objects. The conventions differ slightly for public interface objects,
09/11/2025 To help enable secure, reliable communication between different instances of SQL Server, Service Broker includes features to let you m
09/10/2025 To install a Service Broker service, the developer gives the administrator a set of installation scripts.
No description available.
09/03/2025 Review the following as you design a Service Broker application: The metrics concerning the type and volume of input and output expected from your application. The requirements for your
09/11/2025 Sometimes it might be necessary to inspect the content of a queue as a whole.
09/11/2025 Queues store messages.
No description available.
09/11/2025 A poison message is a message containing information that an application can't successfully process.
09/04/2025 Service Broker uses routes to determine where to deliver messages. When a service sends a message on a conversation, SQL Server uses r
08/29/2025 Service Broker helps you write highly scalable database applications that are also secure and reliable. Service Broker security allows
Creates a sequence object and specifies its properties. A sequence is a user-defined schema
09/12/2025 This section describes the database objects that specify the basic design of an application that uses Service Broker. At design time,
09/11/2025 Service Broker activation helps applications to scale dynamically to match the message traffic. In general, an application uses activa
09/11/2025 Most Service Broker applications follow the same basic steps to receive and process messages: 1. The application begins a transaction.
09/10/2025 Service Broker applications are made up of one or more programs and the database objects that those programs use. Applications communi
09/03/2025 Service Broker uses a broker-specific protocol to communicate with remote brokers.
09/12/2025 You can create a Broker Configuration Notice (BCN) service on an initiating server which automatically binds conversations to a specif
09/03/2025 Dialog security provides encryption, remote authentication, and remote authorization for a specific conversation. When a conversation
09/11/2025 For most scenarios, Service Broker applications use routes configured by an administrator. In some cases, you might need to dynamicall
09/11/2025 SQL Server uses Service Broker endpoints for Service Broker communication outside of the SQL Server instance. An endpoint is a SQL Se
09/11/2025 Service Broker message forwarding allows an instance of SQL Server to accept messages from outside the instance and send those message
09/15/2025 Service Broker introduces concepts that are unique to developing a Service Broker application.
09/11/2025 This article describes the details of how Service Broker routes messages. For an overview, see Routes .
09/15/2025 Service Broker communications are designed around reliable, asynchronous message delivery.
09/11/2025 This section presents examples of the Service Broker routing process.
09/15/2025 Service Broker is designed to help your database applications scale well, whether you scale up or scale out.
09/15/2025 Service Broker transport security allows database administrators to restrict network connections to a database and can encrypt message
09/15/2025 This Transact-SQL code sample defines a service that archives untyped XML documents.
09/15/2025 A Service Broker service is a name for a specific business task or set of business tasks. Conversations occur between services. Servic
09/08/2025 Use the statement to start and stop a queue. When a queue is started, the queue is available to send and receive messages.
09/11/2025 An application that maintains state typically stores that state in database tables.
09/11/2025 Sometimes it might be necessary to temporarily stop a Service Broker application.
09/11/2025 This section describes how you can mitigate threats and vulnerabilities in your Service Broker applications. Description Certificate
09/10/2025 The foundation of the Service Broker programming model is transactional messaging.
09/11/2025 Service Broker uses a transmission queue as a holding area for messages. Each database contains a separate transmission queue.
09/11/2025 Activated stored procedures run on a background session. Therefore, the techniques for troubleshooting an activation stored procedure
09/03/2025 This article provides suggestions for correcting common symptoms related to Service Broker conversation priorities. Use the column t
09/15/2025 This section provides suggestions to correct common problems related to routing and message delivery. If messages aren't successfully
08/29/2025 Service Broker provides several tools to diagnose configuration and conversation problems. Service Broker is a component of the Databa
09/11/2025 Service Broker can be useful for any application that needs to perform processing asynchronously, or that needs to distribute processi
09/11/2025 Service Broker is designed to let services and applications communicate easily and efficiently in instances with different collation c
09/10/2025 The Service Broker activation process consists of two steps. First, Service Broker determines whether activation is necessary. Second,
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09/16/2025 Service Broker operations don't change when a database or an instance of the Database Engine are upgraded. The Service Broker features available in SQL Server across supported versions.
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